The most significant genetic predictors of drug response | ||
Organ or systems involved | Associated gene/allele | Drug/drug response pathway |
Blood Red blood cells Neutrophils Platelets Coagulation | G6PD TMPT*2 UGT1A1*28 CYP2C19*2 CYP2C9*2, *3, VKORC1 | Primaquine and others Azathioprine/6MP-induced neutropenia Irinotecan-induced neutropenia Stent thrombus Warfarin dose-requirement |
Brain and peripheral nervous system CNS depression Anaesthesia Peripheral nerves | CYP2D6*N Butyrylcholinesterase NAT-2 | Codeine-related sedation and respiratory depression Prolonged apnea Isoniazid-induced peripheral neuropathy |
Drug hypersensitivity | HLA-B*5701 HLA-B*1502 HLA-A*3101 HLA-B*5801 | Abacavir sensitivity Carbamazepine-induced Stevens Johnson syndrome (in some Asian groups) Carbamazepine-induced hypersensitivity in Caucasians and Japanese Allopurinol-induced serious cutaneous reactions |
Drug-induced liver injury | HLA-B*5701 HLA-DRB1*1501-DQB1*0602 HLA-DRB1*1501-DQB1*0602 HLA-DRB1*07-DQA1*02 HLA-DQA1*0201 | Flucloxacillin Co-amoxiclav Lumiracoxib Ximelagatran Lapatinib |
Infections HIV-1 infection Hepatitis C infection | CCR5 IL28B | Maraviroc efficacy Interferon-alpha efficacy |
Malignancy Breast cancer Chronic myeloid leukemia Colon cancer GI stromal cancer Lung cancer Malignant melanoma | CYP2D6 BCR-ABL KRAS c-kit EGFR EML4-ALK BRAF V600E | Response to Tamoxifen Imatinib and other tyrosine kinase inhibitors Cetuximab efficacy Imatinib efficacy Gefitinib efficacy Crizotinib efficacy Vemurafenib efficacy |
Muscle General anaesthetics Statins | Ryanodine receptor SLCO1B1 | Malignant hyperthermia Myopathies/rhabdomyolysis |